Quo Fuit places 3 dated presences for Valéry Giscard d'Estaing across 3 places, from 1926 to 2004.
Each one keeps the sentence it was taken from and a link to its source.
Valéry René Marie Georges Giscard d'Estaing (2 February 1926 to 2 December 2020), also known as simply Giscard or VGE, was President of France from 1974 to 1981.Wikipedia, full article · CC BY-SA
Every dot is a place Valéry Giscard d'Estaing is documented in, on a dated record. The interactive globe carries the full detail.
Where Valéry Giscard d'Estaing was documented, and when
2 February 1926exact date
Koblenzattested“Valéry René Marie Georges Giscard d'Estaing was born on 2 February 1926 in Koblenz, Germany, during the French occupation of the Rhineland.”source: Wikipedia: Valéry Giscard d'Estaing
1948year
Montrealattested“In 1948, he spent a year in Montreal, Canada, where he worked as a teacher at Collège Stanislas.”source: Wikipedia: Valéry Giscard d'Estaing
29 October 2004exact date
Romeattested“On 29 October 2004, the heads of government of the European Union gathered in Rome, approved and signed the European Constitution based on a draft strongly influenced by Giscard's work at the convention.”source: Wikipedia: Valéry Giscard d'Estaing
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Other places tied to Valéry Giscard d'Estaing in the record
In each of these, a source puts Valéry Giscard d'Estaing and the place in the same dated sentence without stating
that Valéry Giscard d'Estaing was there. They are kept apart from the timeline above for exactly that reason:
a mention is not a presence, and Quo Fuit does not quietly promote one into the other.
1948year
Collmentioned“In 1948, he spent a year in Montreal, Canada, where he worked as a teacher at Collège Stanislas.”source: Wikipedia: Valéry Giscard d'Estaing
1949 to 1951period
École Polytechniquementioned“He graduated from the École Polytechnique and the École nationale d'administration (1949–1951) and chose to enter the prestigious Inspection des finances.”source: Wikipedia: Valéry Giscard d'Estaing
1956year
National Assembly (France)mentioned“In 1956, he was elected to the National Assembly as a deputy for the Puy-de-Dôme département, in the domain of his maternal family.”source: Wikipedia: Valéry Giscard d'Estaing
December 1974month
Parismentioned“He promoted the creation of the European Council at the Paris Summit in December 1974.”source: Wikipedia: Valéry Giscard d'Estaing
1977year
United Statesmentioned“France under his administration was thus the last country in the European Community to apply the death penalty, and until the resumption of executions in the United States in 1977, the only one in the Western world.”source: Wikipedia: Valéry Giscard d'Estaing
1977year
Mauritaniamentioned“In 1977, in Opération Lamantin, he ordered fighter jets to deploy in Mauritania and suppress the Polisario guerrillas fighting against the Mauritanian government.”source: Wikipedia: Valéry Giscard d'Estaing
1977year
Beninmentioned“In 1977, documents forgotten by the mercenary Bob Denard during a coup attempt in Benin suggested that Denard's group had received support from official channels, namely through Journiac.”source: Wikipedia: Valéry Giscard d'Estaing
1977year
Journiacmentioned“In 1977, documents forgotten by the mercenary Bob Denard during a coup attempt in Benin suggested that Denard's group had received support from official channels, namely through Journiac.”source: Wikipedia: Valéry Giscard d'Estaing
1979year
Bucharestmentioned“Giscard d'Estaing sought to improve Franco-Romanian ties and in 1979 visited Bucharest.”source: Wikipedia: Valéry Giscard d'Estaing
Central African Republicmentioned“This action was also controversial, particularly given that Dacko was Bokassa's cousin and had appointed Bokassa as head of the military; and unrest continued in the Central African Republic, leading to Dacko being overthrown in another…”source: Wikipedia: Valéry Giscard d'Estaing
16 April 1981exact date
Ajacciomentioned“While campaigning for the 1981 French election, Giscard was the target of an attempted assassination at Ajaccio airport on 16 April 1981.”source: Wikipedia: Valéry Giscard d'Estaing
1984year
National Assembly (France)mentioned“In 1984, he was re-elected to his seat in the National Assembly and won the presidency of the regional council of Auvergne.”source: Wikipedia: Valéry Giscard d'Estaing
2003year
Académie Françaisementioned“In 2003, Valéry Giscard d'Estaing was admitted to the Académie française.”source: Wikipedia: Valéry Giscard d'Estaing
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How to read this page
Every line above is a dated fact taken from a source, with the sentence it came from and a link
back to it. Nothing is inferred, and a gap in the record is not evidence that someone was elsewhere.
A tag says how the fact is carried by its source: documented a structured,
explicitly dated record, attested a sentence that states the person was there,
mentioned a sentence that ties the person to the place without stating presence.
Sentences quoted from Wikipedia are available under CC BY-SA 4.0. Public domain books come from
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