Quo Fuit places 3 dated presences for Stamford Raffles across 3 places, from 1800 to 1826.
Each one keeps the sentence it was taken from and a link to its source.
Sir Thomas Stamford Bingley Raffles (5 July 1781 – 5 July 1826) was a British colonial official who served as the governor of the Dutch East Indies between 1811 and 1816 and lieutenant-governor of Bencoolen between 1818 and 1824.Wikipedia, full article · CC BY-SA
Every dot is a place Stamford Raffles is documented in, on a dated record. The interactive globe carries the full detail.
Where Stamford Raffles was documented, and when
1800 to 1804period
Madrasattested“Nine years later, in 1804, the 23-year-old Raffles married Olivia Mariamne Devenish, a widow 10 years his senior, who was formerly married to Jacob Cassivelaun Fancourt, an assistant surgeon in Madras, who had died in 1800.”source: Wikipedia: Stamford Raffles
January 1819month
Singaporeattested“The writings of Raffles and Farquhar indicate that the British found Temenggong Abdul Rahman with 400 to 500 residents in Singapore in January 1819.”source: Wikipedia: Stamford Raffles
5 July 1826exact date
Mill Hillattested“He died of apoplexy at Highwood House in Mill Hill, north London, on his 45th birthday, 5 July 1826.”source: Wikipedia: Stamford Raffles
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Other places tied to Stamford Raffles in the record
In each of these, a source puts Stamford Raffles and the place in the same dated sentence without stating
that Stamford Raffles was there. They are kept apart from the timeline above for exactly that reason:
a mention is not a presence, and Quo Fuit does not quietly promote one into the other.
1786year
Malaccamentioned“Despite the fact that Francis Light overlooked the island before settling upon Penang in 1786, the Riau Archipelago was an attractive choice just to the south of the Malay Peninsula, for its proximity to Malacca.”source: Wikipedia: Stamford Raffles
1795year
Londonmentioned“In 1795, at the age of 14, Raffles started working in London as a clerk for the East India Company.”source: Wikipedia: Stamford Raffles
1800year
West Indiamentioned“When Benjamin ended his involvement in the West India trade in 1800, it caused his family considerable hardship.”source: Wikipedia: Stamford Raffles
1805year
Penang Islandmentioned“In 1805, he was sent to Penang Island in British Malaya, starting his long association with Southeast Asia.”source: Wikipedia: Stamford Raffles
1805year
British Malayamentioned“In 1805, he was sent to Penang Island in British Malaya, starting his long association with Southeast Asia.”source: Wikipedia: Stamford Raffles
1805year
Penangmentioned“In 1805, he was sent to Penang Island in British Malaya, starting his long association with Southeast Asia.”source: Wikipedia: Stamford Raffles
1816year
Englandmentioned“He sailed to England in early 1816 to clear his name and, en route, visited Napoleon, who was in exile at St.”source: Wikipedia: Stamford Raffles
1818year
Malaccamentioned“Raffles sailed to Malacca in late 1818, to personally secure a British presence in the Riau area, especially Singapura, which was favoured by him both through the readings of Malayan histories, and by Farquhar's explorations.”source: Wikipedia: Stamford Raffles
1818year
Riaumentioned“Raffles sailed to Malacca in late 1818, to personally secure a British presence in the Riau area, especially Singapura, which was favoured by him both through the readings of Malayan histories, and by Farquhar's explorations.”source: Wikipedia: Stamford Raffles
19 March 1818exact date
British Bencoolenmentioned“Raffles arrived in Bencoolen on Sumatra on 19 March 1818, where he was appointed as the lieutenant-governor of Bencoolen on 22 March 1818.”source: Wikipedia: Stamford Raffles
14 March 1819exact date
Achehmentioned“Nonetheless, amidst uncertainty and intrigue, Raffles landed in Achin on 14 March 1819, with the begrudging help of Penang.”source: Wikipedia: Stamford Raffles
Calcuttamentioned“He had written to Calcutta declaring Farquhar to be incompetent in January 1823, and repeated efforts were made to persuade Calcutta to send a replacement for Farquhar; but they remained unanswered.”source: Wikipedia: Stamford Raffles
March 1823month
Londonmentioned“In March 1823, coincidentally the same day he was replaced, he received an official reprimand from London for the takeover of Nias.”source: Wikipedia: Stamford Raffles
Two people documented in the same place in the same year is a correlation, not a meeting.
Quo Fuit will never say they met without a source that says so.
How to read this page
Every line above is a dated fact taken from a source, with the sentence it came from and a link
back to it. Nothing is inferred, and a gap in the record is not evidence that someone was elsewhere.
A tag says how the fact is carried by its source: documented a structured,
explicitly dated record, attested a sentence that states the person was there,
mentioned a sentence that ties the person to the place without stating presence.
Sentences quoted from Wikipedia are available under CC BY-SA 4.0. Public domain books come from
Project Gutenberg. Quo Fuit claims no rights over these sources.
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