Quo Fuit places 3 dated presences for Muhammad II of Khwarazm across 3 places, from 1203 to 1218.
Each one keeps the sentence it was taken from and a link to its source.
'Alā' al-Din Muhammad II (Persian: علاءالدین محمد خوارزمشاه; full name: Ala ad-Dunya wa ad-Din Abul-Fath Muhammad Sanjar ibn Tekish) was the Shah of the Khwarazmian Empire from 3 August 1200 to December 1220.Wikipedia, full article · CC BY-SA
Every dot is a place Muhammad II of Khwarazm is documented in, on a dated record. The interactive globe carries the full detail.
Where Muhammad II of Khwarazm was documented, and when
January 1203month
Heratattested“Muizz al-Din then went to Tus and wintered there, but then, Ghiyath al-Din Muhammad died in January 1203 which upended the situation, and he went to Herat and left Muhammad ibn Kharnak in charge of Merv.”source: Wikipedia: Muhammad II of Khwarazm
1218year
Hamadanattested“A final envoy named, a Qadi named Mujir ad-Din 'Umar ibn Sa'd al-Khorezmi was sent to Baghdad to demand recognizing Muhammad's power as Sultan, but it was rejected, and when al-nasir found out the Khwarazmians were at Hamadan with an eno…”source: Wikipedia: Muhammad II of Khwarazm
1218year
Baghdadattested“A final envoy named, a Qadi named Mujir ad-Din 'Umar ibn Sa'd al-Khorezmi was sent to Baghdad to demand recognizing Muhammad's power as Sultan, but it was rejected, and when al-nasir found out the Khwarazmians were at Hamadan with an eno…”source: Wikipedia: Muhammad II of Khwarazm
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Other places tied to Muhammad II of Khwarazm in the record
In each of these, a source puts Muhammad II of Khwarazm and the place in the same dated sentence without stating
that Muhammad II of Khwarazm was there. They are kept apart from the timeline above for exactly that reason:
a mention is not a presence, and Quo Fuit does not quietly promote one into the other.
1201year
Gurganjmentioned“Ala ad-Din Muhammad had finally gathered his army and completed organizing his government, departing from Gurganj and recaptured Abivard and Nasa in 1201.”source: Wikipedia: Muhammad II of Khwarazm
1202year
Mervmentioned“Despite this, numbers were fairly equal, but the favor changed when Muhammad sent a force to raid Taliqan, but was destroyed by a Ghurid general, al-Husayn ibn Kharmil, while Muizz al-Din had been recalled from India to Ghazna and arrive…”source: Wikipedia: Muhammad II of Khwarazm
1202year
Balkhmentioned“Despite this, numbers were fairly equal, but the favor changed when Muhammad sent a force to raid Taliqan, but was destroyed by a Ghurid general, al-Husayn ibn Kharmil, while Muizz al-Din had been recalled from India to Ghazna and arrive…”source: Wikipedia: Muhammad II of Khwarazm
1202year
Ghaznamentioned“Despite this, numbers were fairly equal, but the favor changed when Muhammad sent a force to raid Taliqan, but was destroyed by a Ghurid general, al-Husayn ibn Kharmil, while Muizz al-Din had been recalled from India to Ghazna and arrive…”source: Wikipedia: Muhammad II of Khwarazm
1202year
Indiamentioned“Despite this, numbers were fairly equal, but the favor changed when Muhammad sent a force to raid Taliqan, but was destroyed by a Ghurid general, al-Husayn ibn Kharmil, while Muizz al-Din had been recalled from India to Ghazna and arrive…”source: Wikipedia: Muhammad II of Khwarazm
1203year
Mazandaranmentioned“Simultaneously, Ardashir, the ispahbadh of the Bavandid realm in Mazandaran captured Ustunavand, Damghan, Folui and Firuzkuh, sabotaging Khwarazmian garrisons in Persian Iraq, which fell into total anarchy until its seizure by the Eldigu…”source: Wikipedia: Muhammad II of Khwarazm
January 1204month
Lahorementioned“In January 1204, while Muizz al-Din was preoccupied with a revolt in Lahore, Muhammad marched on Herat and laid siege to the city from March to the 2 May, 1204, inflicting serious losses.”source: Wikipedia: Muhammad II of Khwarazm
April 1205month
Mervmentioned“In April 1205, the window of peace was briefly interrupted when Ghurid commander Amir Zangi assaulted Marw al-Rudh, but was repelled and killed in battle by Taj ad-Din 'Ali Shah and Jaqar, with their heads exhibited in Merv for several d…”source: Wikipedia: Muhammad II of Khwarazm
4 November 1206exact date
Heratmentioned“Muhammad arrived to Herat after cutting off the failed siege of Balkh, but later on, on the 4 November 1206, 'Imad ad-Din 'Umar surrendered once his superiors in Bamiyan had been captured by Taj al-Din Yildiz.”source: Wikipedia: Muhammad II of Khwarazm
4 November 1206exact date
Bamiyanmentioned“Muhammad arrived to Herat after cutting off the failed siege of Balkh, but later on, on the 4 November 1206, 'Imad ad-Din 'Umar surrendered once his superiors in Bamiyan had been captured by Taj al-Din Yildiz.”source: Wikipedia: Muhammad II of Khwarazm
1207year
Heratmentioned“In Spring of 1207, Muhammad, who temporarily resided in Herat, was invaded by the Burhanids of Bukhara to suppress a revolt under Malik Sanjar, son of a local buckler trader.”source: Wikipedia: Muhammad II of Khwarazm
1207year
Samarkandmentioned“Simultaneously, Umar, the Khan of Khans Karakhanid governor in Samarkand followed the Burhanids in submitting to Muhammad, reading the khutba in his name in 1207, sending various important citizens and officials as hostages and requestin…”source: Wikipedia: Muhammad II of Khwarazm
1209year
Gurganjmentioned“In 1209, as Muhammad prepared to fight the Qara Khitai, a diplomatic mission under a representative named Tushi was sent to Gurganj to negotiate, but he violated etiquette and sat on the Khwarazmshah's throne.”source: Wikipedia: Muhammad II of Khwarazm
1210year
Mazandaranmentioned“Simultaneously, Rustam V of the Bavandids was killed by an Alid subject of his, Abu Ridha Husayn, resulting in Mazandaran's annexation into Khwarazm in 1210.”source: Wikipedia: Muhammad II of Khwarazm
Two people documented in the same place in the same year is a correlation, not a meeting.
Quo Fuit will never say they met without a source that says so.
How to read this page
Every line above is a dated fact taken from a source, with the sentence it came from and a link
back to it. Nothing is inferred, and a gap in the record is not evidence that someone was elsewhere.
A tag says how the fact is carried by its source: documented a structured,
explicitly dated record, attested a sentence that states the person was there,
mentioned a sentence that ties the person to the place without stating presence.
Sentences quoted from Wikipedia are available under CC BY-SA 4.0. Public domain books come from
Project Gutenberg. Quo Fuit claims no rights over these sources.
See Muhammad II of Khwarazm on a 3D globe, filter the record by date, and cross this life with another to find
where the two overlap.
